X-Sender: coale@mlml.calstate.edu
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Date: Mon, 30 Jun 1997 19:15:44 -0700
To: jandrews@whoi.edu
From: coale@mlml.calstate.edu (Kenneth Coale)
Subject: Re: Isotope use
Cc: sylvia@sio.ucsd.edu

John,
Thanks for responding. I will forward this message to Sylvia for her
information.  With respect to cruise tracks/station plan, I am forwarding
you a message from Bob Anderson which summarized our general intentions.
The difference between Survey 1 and Survey 2 is that there will be no
mooring deployments on Survey 2 which will leave more time for station work,
but the general plan is the same....lots of Sea-soar time with interspersed
stations.
I hope this helps.
Kenneth

        The Process cruises are, indeed, quite different from the Survey
cruises.  The general strategy for each type of cruise was laid out during
the JGOFS/AESOPS  PI meeting in Alexandra last February.  However, there
remains some flexibility in the details of each cruise that is left to the
discretion of each Chief Scientist.  Consequently, I am copying this
message to the Chief Scientists, as well, and invite them to add to my
comments as appropriate.

        All of our cruises are designed around a transect of 5 sediment
trap moorings deployed from the Palmer last November between 54 deg S and
66 deg S.  I will fax you a map of the mooring locations as a reference for
the points discussed below (Moorings #1 - #5 are relevant only; the Revelle
will not work in the Ross Sea near moorings 6 & 7, which are also shown on
the map).

        Each Survey cruise includes two blocks of approximately 5 days each
dedicated to towing the Oregon State SeaSoar (Cowles and Barth) through a
gridded survey of the Antarctic Polar Front (APF).  We anticipate that the
APF will lie between 60S and 61S.  However, the location of the front is
known to meander with time by as much as 2 degrees of latitude. Therefore,
each Survey cruise will begin by deploying the SeaSoar at about the
location of Mooring 2 (57S, 170W) and then running due South to
approximately 64S.  This line will define the location of the APF.  The
exact coordinates of the SeaSoar grids can not be determined until after
that line has been completed.

        Each Survey cruise is planned to include at least 5 stations for
biogeochemical process measurements of duration of approximately 1.5 to 2.0
days each.  One station will be at either end of the long SeaSoar transect
from 57S to 64S, mentioned above, and the others will be sited on specific
targets within the APF selected on the basis of SeaSoar results.    (Tim
and Kenneth - please correct me if this strategy has changed).

        During the first survey cruise we will have the added
responsibility of deploying 12 bio-optical moorings (Abbott and Richman,
Oregon St. U.) in a diamond-shaped array between approximately 60S and 61S,
straddling 170W.  The total time anticipated for deployment of these
moorings is about 3 days, although deployment will be spread out over
several days, interspersed with other station activity, rather than being
done all at once in a continuous block of time.


        The Process Cruises are quite different, in that they are entirely
dedicated to Biogeochemical process study stations (no SeaSoar work).  Our
tentative plan calls for 10 stations of approximately 2 days duration each.
Five of the 10 stations are fixed at the locations of sediment trap
moorings #1 through #5.  The Chief Scientist of each Process Cruise has
some discretion in selecting the locations of the other 5 stations on the
basis of preliminary results from the preceding Survey cruise.  Having said
that, I would also note that the major focus of the program is on the APF;
therefore, the Chief Scientists will certainly locate some of their
discretionary stations in the region between 60S and 61S.

        We have not yet decided if the Process cruises will run stations
from North to South, or from South to North.  I favor the latter, as it
gives the ship an opportunity to collect underway data along the entire
transect to help in planning station work.


***************************************
Kenneth Coale
Moss Landing Marine Laboratories
P.O.Box 450
Moss Landing, CA  95039-0450
(408) 755-8671, office; (408) 755-8664 lab
(408) 753-2826, fax

The U.S. JGOFS (Joint Global Ocean Flux Study): Antarctic Environment and Southern Ocean Process Study (AESOPS) program involves a series of 11 research cruises (7 aboard the R/V N.B. Palmer and 4 aboard the R/V Roger Revelle) studying a range of topics related to biogeochemical cycles, but with a focus on the role of the Southern Ocean in the global carbon cycle. Principal geographic areas in which AESOPS research will take place include the Ross Sea and the Antarctic Polar Front Zone at approximately 57oS to 63oS along 170oW.

The principal geographic area of JGOFS/AESOPS research to be conducted aboard the Roger Revelle lies along the north-south transect at 170 degrees west, from 57 degrees S to 63 degrees S, well outside of the New Zealand EEZ. However, a number of investigators within the program wish to collect additional samples and data while the ship is underway into and out of port.

The scheduled dates of the JGOFS/AESOPS cruises are:

Cruise                  Dates                   Chief Scientist

Survey I	20 Oct - 24 Nov, 97	Tim Cowles, Oregon State Univ.
Process I	30 Nov - 03 Jan, 98	Dick Barber, Duke Univ.
Survey II	08 Jan - 08 Feb, 98	Kenneth Coale, Moss Landing Marine Lab
Process II	13 Feb - 19 Mar, 98	Wilf Gardner, Texas A&M

The types of instrumental data to be collected within the New Zealand EEZ during the 4 AESOPS cruises mentioned above include:

a) underway meteorology;
b) underway sea surface temperature and salinity;
c) underway fluorescence;
d) total carbon dioxide content of surface sea water and of air;
e) partial pressure of carbon dioxide in surface sea water and air;
f) concentration of oxygen in the atmosphere.
g) Sea Beam bathymetry